Linux Commands

clear : Clear terminal screen
Ctrl r : Search in old shell commands
xxx > file_name : The output of xxx will Store to the file
xxx >> File_name : The output of xxx will Add to the file
xxx & : Run xxx command in the background


top : Print the running processes and cpu/memory usage.
ps -ef : Print all processes
kill -9 : Force kill this process


rm : Remove one file (No undo)
rm -rf : Remove the directory with all contents
ln -sf : Make destination point/link to source


chown -R user:group : Change the owner for this file/dir and all subfiles
chmod [u/g/o/a] [ /-/=] [r/w/x] : Change the file mod to add/delete rights for access
chmod 4755 : Make the bin_file execute as the owner


rpm -ivh : Install the rpm file
rpm -qa : List all installed package
rpm -qf : Get the name of the rpm which install this file
rpm -qa | grep : Search for any package has near name
rpm -qd : Get which rpm install this program
rpm -qi : Get the package Information
rpm -ql : Print all files in installed package
rpm -qpl : Print all files in xxx rpm

dpkg -l : List all debian package with some informations
dpkg -S < full_path_file_name> : Get the name of the debian package which install this file

rpm2cpio <.rpm> | cpio -idv : extract the rpm and make the directory if not exist


tar -jxvf : Extract gz2 file
tar -xvzf : Extract gz file
tar -czvf : Create gz

shutdown -h now	Shutdown the system.
shutdown -r now	Restart the system
reboot	Restart the system
cal [[month] year]	Print the calender
find dir -exec grep -l {} \;	Search for word in all files in the dir
locate	Search by this key word in all files/dirs names
updatedb	Update locate database
scp -r user@host:file/dir DistDir	Secure copy a file from the server to the destination directory
gftp	Display the graphical ftp client
ssh @	Connect to Linux host by secure shell
vncviewer	Run the VNC client to this IP
tsclient	Run the VNC client to this IP (good than vncviewer)
finger	Print some information about this user (name/last login/phone..)
last	print the people who logged in the PC
whoami	Print the account you use now
whatis	Print one line about what this bin do
whereis	Print where the file is.
which	which bin you will use(it's path)
passwd	Change user password
pwd	Print Current directory
sudo xxx	Run xxx command as root (user must be in /etc/sudoers)
sudo nautilus	Open nautilus as a root
gksudo nautilus fonts:	Open The fonts folder in a nautilus as a root
man	Print the command's documentation
apropos	Search by this key word in all man pages
wc	Print number of characters, words & lines in the file
lsof	List all open files